Title : Chemistry and agriculture high quality development-case study
Abstract:
Agricultural development has gone through a long process. According to the rate of resources use by plants, Agriculture development went through three stages, original Agriculture stage, yield and quality increasing stage and Agriculture high quality development.
Modern Agricultural production often uses best plant species and varieties and can efficiently produce plant products and services to meet people's needs. However, because crop land change alters the plant resources relationship, resulting in soil degradation, vegetation decline and crop failure. To solve these problem, it is necessary to select excellent species or varieties adopt appropriate initial planting density, and regulate the relationship between plant resources in the process of crop production in a timely and appropriate amount, to obtain the maximum yield and benefits, realize the sustainable utilization of natural resources and achieve high quality agricultural development.
The red plum apricot is an excellent economic tree selected for many years in semiarid region (Guyuan China), and it has been widely popularized since 1995 .In summer of 2008, when I lead my graduate student to investigate and choice research topic in this region, I encountered a Consumer in Shanghuang village, the predecessor of the National high-quality red plum and Apricot Demonstration Base 100 kg of red plum apricot were picked from an orchard in Shanghuang Village, among which 77 kg of plum and apricot were damaged by eating insects (Carposina sasakii Matsumura), and the fruit damage rate reached 67%, which showed that heart-eating insects did serious harm to red plum apricot. After a discussion with my colleage, we select the high efficiency cypermethrin, a kind of efficient and Low toxicity pesticide to control the harm of heart-eating insects to young fruit of red plum apricot. The 34 red plum apricot trees were used as sample tree to spray red plum apricot with 2000 times high efficiency cypermethrin on the 22 May, 2008 in apricot garden of the eco-experiment station. The harmful fruits eaten by heart-eating decreased to 1/1000. Since 2009, the technology is gaining popularity (Guo 2013). Apricot yield is about 1000Kg per Mu (Chinese unit, and 1 mu equals 666.7 m2). The benefit is increasing because the price is changed with market and increases from 1.2 yuan (RMB) in 1987 to 20 yuan per kilogram in 2017 and 2019. On July 19, 2019, we sampled the fruits of high-efficiency cypermethrin against heartworm and then sent the samples to Xi'an Guolian Quality, detection Technology Co., Ltd. to analyzed the pesticide residues. The monitoring report showed that monitoring report that there is no cypermethrin and beta cypermethrin were detected, which showed high-efficiency cypermethrin against heartworm was a safe, reliable and effective method.
Alon with the increase in the planting area and the distribution range of Red plum apricot and meet the needs of food safety and increase in planting area of red plum apricot area and production, we should carry out the sustainable utilization of natural resources and high-quality production and meet increasing demand for quantity and variety of plant products.
