Microplastics in marine environments: Raman identification and characterization

Title : Microplastics in marine environments: Raman identification and characterization

Abstract:

Over the past decade, numerous studies have extensively examined the issue of plastic waste accumulation in marine environments. Of growing concern is the widespread dissemination of microscopic plastic particles, posing a significant threat to marine life. Plastic debris undergoes mechanical and biological degradation, leading to the formation of microplastics, defined as particles smaller than 5 mm. The identification and quantification of microplastics present a formidable challenge due to their minute size and complex composition. Raman microscopy emerges as an indispensable tool for analyzing extremely small microplastics (<20 um). As per the World Health Organization's guidelines, plastic particles smaller than 150 μm have the potential to enter the human body, raising health concerns. Given their diminutive dimensions, microplastics may be ingested by marine fauna, with uncertain ramifications for their health. In this study, Microplastics (MPs) extracted from jellyfish and Ctenophora were analysed using Raman spectroscopy. The spectra were successfully distinguished through a combination of available databases and a spectral reference database of MPs established in-house. In this study, the primary MPs identified were Polyethylene (PE) and Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET). PE, being one of the most used plastics, emerged as the predominant type. PET, another prevalent plastic, was also notably present among the microplastic samples analysed. Many of the Microplastics (MPs) exhibit significant degradation and alteration, posing challenges for their analysis and identification. Therefore, there is a pressing need for more in-depth studies and comprehensive databases to effectively address these complexities. Furthermore, considering the challenges posed by the degradation and modification of microplastics, uniformity and harmonization of experimental conditions become even more imperative. Consistent methodologies not only aid in overcoming analytical complexities but also contribute to the reliability and compatibility of data collected. By ensuring standardization across studies, researchers can build comprehensive databases that serve as invaluable resources for tackling the issue of microplastic pollution effectively.

Audience Take Away Notes

• Identification and characterizations of microplastics
• Application of Raman spectroscopy in microplastics analysis
• Practical applications on real samples

Biography:

Maria Cristina Gamberini has a degree in Chemistry, her first period abroad at the Polytechnic of Lausanne has been dedicated to the study of nanomaterials using spectroscopic techniques, studies of pigments and minerals. She is professor at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia in the Chemistry Laboratory. Her main scientific interest is linked to the experimentation of the Raman Spectroscopy Technique on simple or complex matrices. For years she has studied crystals and cocrystals and polymorphs. The study and characterization of inorganic samples in collaboration with various international groups has allowed the publication of numerous articles in international journals. She has been a speaker at several international conferences. The study is currently focused on Raman spectral identification and characterization of inorganic and also organic samples.