Title : The theory of multicomponent systems with chaotic chemical composition and the prediction of the distribution of biological molecules in space
Abstract:
In Mikhail Dolomatov previous works, a theory of multicomponent systems with chaos of chemical composition (MSCC) was developed [1-3]. According theory of MSCC, any substance exhibits chemical chaos to a greater or lesser degree. Even a system consisting of a super pure substance is viewed as the sum of a subsystem comprising the dominant compound and a stochastic subsystem of impurity components. Furthermore, there are systems characterized by strong compositional chaos, including anthropogenic products such as pyrolysis derivatives of various substances, petroleum distillates and residues, and synthetic fuels, as well as natural systems such as crude oils, geochemical and biogeochemical objects, humic substances, caustobioliths, and the metabolic products of living matter and biology fluids. Besides, it has been shown that the organic substance found in meteorites, cosmic dust and giant molecular clouds (GMC) also belongs to the category of such systems with strong composition chaos [2]. MSCC systems behave as a unified, continuous whole during physical and chemical processes, such as self-reproducibility, stability, metastability, and intersection of various phase transitions. All MSCC are characterized by Bernoulli distributions of composition with respect to thermodynamic potentials specifically, Gibbs and Helmholtz free energies and the associated thermodynamic properties defining the system. The form of these distributions depends on the probability of component differentiation.
Monte Carlo simulation of MSCC showed that a normal (Gaussian) of composition on thermodynamic potentials occurs when the probability of differences between component ranges from 0.2 to 0.8. The evolutionary patterns of the distribution characteristic—average free energy—were studied over a temperature range from 10 to over 1200 K, corresponding to interstellar conditions. The stability of the distribution was established. A quasi-linear evolution of the distribution variance and the entropy of component diversity (the information entropy of the normal distribution of composition by free energy) was demonstrated. They exhibited a clearly deterministic linear forms. A phenomenological mathematical model has been developed to describe the distribution of GMC component composition, including hydrocarbon and amino acid molecules, as well as nitrogenous bases of nucleic acids [4]. Based on these composition distribution models, a forecast has been made of the resource of organic molecules in the part of space observable by astronomical instruments. The possibility of the existence of a significant amount of biologically active substances has been demonstrated: amino acids, nucleic acid bases, and hydrocarbons. The Universe is pregnant with the building blocks of life, which constitute resources equivalent to up to trillions of solar masses.
